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04 February 2013 | 1,149 views

Twitter Breach Leaks 250,000 User E-mails & Passwords

The big news for the past few days was a rather sizable Twitter hack, although it’s only a small percentage of the 140 million strong Twitter user-base – 250,000 is still a large number.

If you were affected you will have received a password reset e-mail and will be prompted to change your password if you try and login via the Web.

There seems to have been a spate recently of fairly high profile attacks originating from China, I saw someone say “If you haven’t been hacked by China this month, you aren’t working hard enough”.

If you find that your Twitter password doesn’t work the next time you try to login, you won’t be alone. The service was busy resetting passwords and revoking cookies on Friday, following an online attack that may have leaked the account data of approximately 250,000 users.

“This week, we detected unusual access patterns that led to us identifying unauthorized access attempts to Twitter user data,” Bob Lord, Twitter’s director of information security, writes in a blog post.

According to Lord, Twitter was able to shut down the attack within moments of discovering it, but not before the attackers were able to make off with what he calls “limited user information,” including usernames, email addresses, session tokens, and the encrypted and salted versions of passwords.

The encryption on such passwords is generally difficult to crack – but it’s not impossible, particularly if the attacker is familiar with the algorithm used to encrypt them.

As a precaution, Lord says Twitter has reset the passwords of all 250,000 affected accounts – which, he observes, is just “a small percentage” of the more than 140 million Twitter users worldwide.

There haven’t been many details disclosed about this attack, but it seems Twitter managed to discover it whilst it was actually taking place – and managed to shut it down fairly fast. It seems, by the data leaked, that the attacker managed to compromise a fairly core part of the Twitter infrastructure.

They have reacted quickly though and reset the affected accounts, which indicates they know exactly what data the attackers managed to access.


If yours is one of the accounts involved, you’ll need to enter a new password the next time you login. Lord reminds all Twitter users to choose strong passwords – he recommends 10 or more characters, with a mix of letters, numbers, and symbols – because simpler passwords are easier to guess using brute-force methods. In addition, he recommends against using the same password on multiple sites.

Lord says Twitter’s investigation is ongoing, and that it’s taking the matter extremely seriously, particularly in light of recent attacks experienced by The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal:

This attack was not the work of amateurs, and we do not believe it was an isolated incident. The attackers were extremely sophisticated, and we believe other companies and organizations have also been recently similarly attacked. For that reason we felt that it was important to publicize this attack while we still gather information, and we are helping government and federal law enforcement in their effort to find and prosecute these attackers to make the Internet safer for all users.

Although the attack took place this week, it seems to have no relationship to the outage that took Twitter offline for several hours on Thursday. On the other hand, however, Lord’s post does make rather cryptic mention of the US Department of Homeland Security’s recent recommendation that users disable the Java plug-in in their browsers. He mentions Java twice, in fact.

You can read the Twitter response here:

Keeping our users secure

Both the WSJ and NYT have recently been raided by China based hacking crews, no one knows if this is the work of government backed cyberterrorism squads, or just private hackers doing it for profit or even fun. You can read more about that here:

First the NYT, now the Wall Street Journal: But are hacking attacks from China new?

Source: The Register



27 January 2013 | 1,435 views

New eLearnSecurity Pen-Testing Labs Launched – Attend Live Demo Event

You might remember the Hera Labs info from the post about the updated Pen-testing Pro course:

eLearnSecurity Launches Newly Updated & Refreshed Penetration Testing Professional Training v2

Now eLearnSecurity has decided to open up just the labs outside of the course, for people that want a practical hands-on environment to learn.

Hera Pentesting Labs

http://www.elearnsecurity.com/virtual-labs/hera

Main Features

  • You get completely isolated networks to pentest (You are not sharing resources with others)
  • You get new scenarios every month
  • Scenarios are created by experienced pentesters
  • You can sign up with on-demand model

They will be holding a live webinar on January 29th on latest Java vulnerabilities, and demonstrating live exploitation in Hera Labs, you can find more info and register your interest here:

http://www.elearnsecurity.com/c/register_live.php

At the end of the event they are going to give special discount to sign up, so be there or be square!


08 January 2013 | 1,085 views

CERT Failure Observation Engine (FOE) – Mutational Fuzzing Tool

The CERT Failure Observation Engine (FOE) is a software testing tool that finds defects in applications that run on the Windows platform. FOE performs mutational fuzzing on software that consumes file input. (Mutational fuzzing is the act of taking well-formed input data and corrupting it in various ways, looking for cases that cause crashes.) The FOE automatically collects test cases that cause software to crash in unique ways, as well as debugging information associated with the crashes. The goal of FOE is to minimize the effort required for software vendors and security researchers to efficiently discover and analyze security vulnerabilities found via fuzzing.

Note: this software package contains both the source code for the distribution and a binary installer package for Windows. The installer package will attempt to install FOE and all of its dependent software packages on the system. If you wish to evaluate the binary installer, it is highly advisable to do so on a non-enterprise system devoted solely to testing. An ISO image is also available for convenient use within a Windows virtual machine instance.

At the CERT/CC, we have already used the FOE infrastructure to find a number of critical vulnerabilities in products such as Adobe Reader, Flash Player, and Shockwave player; Microsoft Office and Windows; Google Chrome; Oracle Outside In; Autonomy Keyview IDOL; Apple QuickTime; and many others.

Note: Because fuzzing can fill temporary directories, put the target application in an unusable state, or trigger other operating-system-level bugs, we recommend that FOE be used in a virtual machine.

You can download FOE here:

http://www.cert.org/vuls/discovery/foe.html


03 January 2013 | 957 views

Microsoft Rushes Out ‘Fix It’ For Internet Explorer 0-day Exploit

Pretty unusual for Microsoft but they’ve rushed out a fast fix for a 0-day Internet Explorer vulnerability which allows remote code execution and malware dropping. It doesn’t effect the latest version of Internet Explorer (9) but it effects all the common previous versions (6, 7 & 8) – which still accounts for the majority of users.

It is definitely important though, so I can appreciate their urgency. The sad part is most people that will fall for the scam sites that push out such malware won’t know about this patch, so they will remain at risk.

It will help a lot for corporates though managing the entire organization security as many are mandated to use Internet Explorer, and try and keep it secure..

Microsoft has pushed out a temporary fix to defend against a zero-day vulnerability that surfaced in attacks launched last week.

The security flaw (CVE-2012-4792) – which affects IE 6, 7 and 8 but not the latest versions of Microsoft’s web browser software – allows malware to be dropped onto Windows PCs running the vulnerable software, providing, of course, that users can be tricked into visiting booby-trapped websites.

Redmond has released a temporary Fix It (easy-to-apply workaround) pending the development of a more comprehensive patch.

The flaw was initially discovered by security tools firm FireEye on the Council on Foreign Relations website on 27 December.

The flaw was discovered right before the new year on December 27th, so Microsoft have managed to get this temporary fix out pretty fast. I’d imagine the full patch will be rolled into the next Windows Update Patch Tuesday.

I don’t expect anyone reading this is using Internet Explorer, so it wouldn’t effect us anyway – but seen as though you are probably at home over the holidays. Do us all a favour and install Chrome or Firefox on your relatives computers.

The attack had been running for at least a week, and perhaps longer, before it was detected. Retrospective analysis by Sophos suggests the same exploit was used on at least five additional websites, suggesting assaults using the bug are far from limited.

“While the assaults appeared to be targeting a small number of sites, there is no obvious link between the victims,” noted Chester Wisniewski, a senior security advisor at Sophos Canada, in a blog post. “Some are referring to this as a ‘watering hole’ attack, but the evidence we have doesn’t necessarily support that conclusion.”

Security watchers advise either applying Redmond’s workarounds, upgrading to IE 9 or using an alternative browser – at least until a proper patch becomes available. The next patch Tuesday is coming up on 8 January. This doesn’t give Microsoft much time but given the high-profile nature of the vulnerability it’s likely that Redmond will release a patch sooner rather than later.

It was exploited for a week at least before discovery, so that’d give a date of around December 20th when it was first seen in the wild. The next Patch Tuesday is coming in 5 days, so we might even see an emergency out of bounds patch for this so it gets pushed out via Windows Update to the masses.

You can check out the Fix It here:

Microsoft Security Advisory: Vulnerability in Internet Explorer could allow remote code execution

Source: The Register


24 December 2012 | 531 views

Merry Christmas 2012 From Darknet

I’d just like to wish all our readers a Merry Christmas, that’s if you celebrate it – if you don’t enjoy the holiday anyway.

Merry Xmas 2012

Have a HO HO HO Happy Hacking Christmas and a Happy Holiday.


06 December 2012 | 1,904 views

TLSSLed v1.2 – Evaluate The Security Of A Target SSL Or TLS (HTTPS) Web Server Implementation

When running web application security assessments it is mandatory to evaluate the security stance of the SSL/TLS (HTTPS) implementation and configuration. OWASP has a couple of references the author strongly recommends taking a look at, the “OWASP-CM-001: Testing for SSL-TLS” checks, part of the OWASP Testing Guide v3, and the Transport Layer Protection Cheat Sheet.

There have been several tools to test for SSL and TLS security misconfiguration along the years, but still today, lots of people get the output from all these tools and are not very sure what they need to look at. Apart from the SSL/TLS web application best practices, it is important to also check the security of SSL/TLS at the web platform layer. One such tool is:

SSLyze v0.4 Released – Scan & Analyze SSL Server Configuration

The purpose of the TLSSLed tool (named from the idea of your website being TLS/SSL-ed, that is, using “https;//”) is to simplify the output of a couple of commonly used tools, and highlight the most relevant security findings of any target SSL/TLS implementation. It is based on sslscan, a thorough SSL/TLS scanner that is based on the openssl library, and on the “openssl s_client” command line tool.

TLSSLed is a Linux shell script inspired on ssl_test.sh by Aung Khant, where a few optimizations have been made to reduce the stress on the target web server (sslscan is run only once and the results are stored on a local file), and some tests have been added and tuned.

The current tests include checking if the target supports the SSLv2 protocol, the NULL cipher, weak ciphers based on their key length (40 or 56 bits), the availability of strong ciphers (like AES), if the digital certificate is MD5 signed, and the current SSL/TLS renegotiation capabilities.

New in version 1.2: Mac OS X support, an initial check to verify if the target service speaks SSL/TLS, a few optimizations, and new tests for TLS v1.1 & v1.2 (CVE-2011-3389 aka BEAST).

New in version 1.1: Certificate public key length, the certificate subject and issuer (CA), as well as the validity period. It also checks the existence of HTTP secure headers, such as Strict-Transport-Security and cookies with and without the “secure” flag set.

You can download TLSSLed v1.2 here:

TLSSLed_v1.2.sh

Or read more here.


29 November 2012 | 1,307 views

Noted Chinese Hacker Wicked Rose Heading Antivirus Company Anvisoft

The latest scandal on the block, it seems like a noted Chinese hacker known as Wicked Rose or Withered Rose is involved with the Antivirus startup Anvisoft. The hackers real name is Tan Dailin and he was previously involved in the hacking of some US defence contractors.

Anvisoft even posted on their official Facebook group a simple response to the original article “Yes it’s true”.

Antivirus startup Anvisoft was founded by an infamous Chinese hacker who allegedly cut his teeth exploiting Microsoft Office security holes to hack US defence contractors, it has emerged.

Investigative journalist Brian Krebs uncovered evidence – largely based on historic domain records for Anvisoft and reports compiled by VeriSign on Chinese hacking activities – to allege that black-hat Tan Dailin established the antivirus startup.

In response to inquiries from The Reg, Anvisoft confirmed via a message from its official Facebook account that the report is accurate. “Yes, it is true,” it simply stated.

Dailin, AKA Wicked Rose or sometime Withered Rose, allegedly led a state-sponsored four-man crew called NCPH – Network Crack Program Hacker. According to VeriSign’s iDefense, NCPH developed a rootkit [PDF] that was used to infiltrate the US defence establishment in 2006. The group is accused of launching Microsoft Office-based attacks for two years before it disbanded in 2008.

Krebs followed various online clues to piece together his tentative conclusion that Dailin, a 28-year-old graduate of Sichuan University of Science and Engineering in Zigong, registered Anvisoft’s domain in 2011, and may still be a key player at the startup.

One of Dailin’s cohorts in NCPH, a hacker nicknamed Rodag, wrote a blog post describing Anvisoft’s Smart Defender as a “security aid from abroad” and praised the technology, Krebs noted.

From Kreb’s research is seems like it could have been Dailin that actually registered the domain for Anvisoft, which would indicate he is a key player in the operation and perhaps even the founder or co-founder.

Even so, the evidence that has been turned up so far is far from conclusive and as well know just because this chap was mixed up in some dubious activity a few years back – doesn’t mean he isn’t ethically sound now. Some of the best ‘whitehat’ security folks have some distinctly grey stains on their hats.

Trademark registration records pinpoint Anvisoft’s genesis in the Chinese city of Chengdu although the company states it is based in Toronto, Canada.

Kreb’s digital detective work, though persuasive, was far from conclusive, which he admits. There is no suggestion of any wrongdoing by Anvisoft.

“Anvisoft may in fact be a legitimate company, with a legitimate product; and for all I know, it is. But until it starts to answer some basic questions about who’s running the company, this firm is going to have a tough time gaining any kind of credibility or market share,” Krebs noted.

Anvisoft’s technology has not been widely reviewed, but that’s not to say it is ineffective or untrustworthy. Against this Trend Micro, alone among mainstream antivirus software, flags up Anvisoft’s Anvi Smart Defender Free setup utility as malign, according to results from VirusTotal.

Western antivirus firms, at least, generally have a policy of not employing former malware writers. Aside for presenting a negative image to potential customers, and sustaining the myth that antivirus firms employ an underground army of virus programmers to ramp up demand for their products, VXers are thought to be ill-suited to life in an antivirus firm.

Not only have they shown themselves to have dubious morals but from a purely practical view the skills required to write a decent antivirus program are not the same as those necessary to construct modern malware.

You can read more by Brian Krebs here:

Infamous Hacker Heading Chinese Antivirus Firm?

Most Western Antivirus companies and providers have a standing ban on hiring people that have been mixed up in blackhat activities or malware creation, more from Sophos here:

Did anti-virus company hire convicted Chinese malware author?

Source: The Register


20 November 2012 | 3,450 views

HoneyDrive – Honeypots In A Box

HoneyDrive is a pre-configured honeypot system in virtual hard disk drive (VMDK format) with Ubuntu Server 11.10 32-bit edition installed. It currently contains Kippo SSH honeypot. Additionally it includes useful scripts and utilities to analyze and visualize the data it captures. Lastly, other helpful tools like tshark (command-line Wireshark), pdftools, etc. are also present.

In the future more software will be added such as Dionaea malware honeypot and Honeyd.

You can get the latest version (0.1) of HoneyDrive which contains Kippo SSH honeypot and related scripts (kippo-graph, kippo-stats, kippo-sessions, etc). Everything is pre-configured to work.

After downloading the file, you must uncompress it and then you simply have to create a new virtual machine (suggested software: Oracle VM VirtualBox) and select the VMDK drive as its hard disk.

You can download HoneyDrive here:

HoneyBox.7z

Or read more here.


13 November 2012 | 3,419 views

Hack.me – Build, Host & Share Vulnerable Web Application Code

Hack.me is a FREE, community based project powered by eLearnSecurity. The community allows you to build, host and share vulnerable web application code for educational and research purposes.

It aims to be the largest collection of “runnable” vulnerable web applications, code samples and CMS’s online. The platform is available without any restriction to any party interested in Web Application Security: students, universities, researchers, penetration testers and web developers.

Hack.me - Build, Host & Share Vulnerable Web Apps

Features

  • Upload your own code
  • Online IDE for PHP & MySQL
  • Your code hosted in the cloud
  • FREE!!
  • Practice webapp security
  • Isolated enviroment
  • Online: nothing to download!

Safety

Every time you run a new Hackme the site will initiate a new sandbox for you. You will get isolated access to it so that you will always know that the application is safe for you to use. No other students can add malware or exploits in your sandbox. This ensures 99% safety.

What about the 1%? While the team makes the best effort to moderate every and each new web app uploaded on Hack.me, chances are that something can and will slip through. If you are not 100% comfortable to trust us or the Hackme developer, please just run new Hackmes from a virtual machine or from a non production OS.

We have written about a variety of web apps where you can practice your hack-fu such as:

So head over to hack.me and see what you think:

https://hack.me/


06 November 2012 | 2,022 views

VMWare ESX Source Code Leaked On The Internet

Another big source code leak, this time VMWare ESX, software which I’m sure most of the readers here have used at some point (I know I have).

There was a time back in 2006 when VMWare Rootkits seemed like they might be the next big thing, but nothing much ever came out of it.

VMware is playing it down, but I think this is a fairly serious leak – we all know what happens when the bad guys get access to source code – they find lovely new 0day bugs to play with.

VMware has confirmed that the source code for old versions of its ESX technology was leaked by hackers over the weekend – but played down the significance of the spill.

The virtualisation giant said on Sunday that the exposed portions of its hypervisor date back to 2004, and the leak follows the disclosure of VMware source code in April.

“It is possible that more related files will be posted in the future,” Iain Mulholland, VMware’s director of platform security, explained. “We take customer security seriously and have engaged our VMware Security Response Center to thoroughly investigate.”

Mulholland said customers who apply the latest product updates and patches, in addition to following system hardening guidelines, ought to be protected against attacks developed in the wake of the code leak.

“By applying the combination of the most current product updates and the relevant security patches, we believe our customer environments will be best protected,” he said.

A 2MB compressed archive of the software blueprints was uploaded into file-sharing networks and promoted by various tweeters on Sunday. Some of these tweets, posted with the hashtags #Anonymous #AntiSec and #SourcySleazySundays, claimed that the leaked code was the “full VMware ESX Server Kernel”.

Some of the people posting the code were hash-tagging with Anonymous – but there’s been no ‘official’ announcement from any of the Anonymous channels so I doubt it’s really related.

As usual VMWare are saying if you’re using the latest patched version and have applied the ‘hardening measures’ you will be safe. I’d except something nasty to come out of this within the next month or so.

A person going by the name of Stun, who made the source code available, wrote: “It is the VMKernel from between 1998 and 2004, but as we all know, kernels don’t change that much in programs, they get extended or adapted but some core functionality still stays the same.”

The previous VMWare source code leak was accompanied by the publication of the company’s internal emails via Pastebin by someone called Hardcore Charlie. The Anonymous-affiliated hacker claimed the information came from China National Electronics Import and Export (CEIEC), an engineering and electronics company outfit.

VMware said at the time that customers were not necessarily at greater risk as as result of the leak.

Hacktivists, to say nothing of state-sponsored cyber-espionage, have increased the threat of intellectual property theft for high-tech firms. The VMWare case is not unprecedented.

Earlier this year Symantec admitted source code for the 2006-era versions of the following products had been exposed: Norton Antivirus Corporate Edition; Norton Internet Security; Norton SystemWorks (Norton Utilities and Norton GoBack); and pcAnywhere. The security biz took the highly unusual step of advising customers of pcAnywhere to suspend use of the older versions of remote control desktop management software pending the release of a patch, which arrived within days of the warning.

An Indian hacktivist crew called the Lords of Dharmaraja claimed they lifted Symantec’s source code from systems belonging to the Indian government.

One upside is it’s only the kernel, and it is 8 years old (the kernel is from 1998-2004) – but then again the kernel does provide key functionality and kernels don’t change that much. There have been some major leaks of source code in the last couple of years including Symantec and Kaspersky.

Intellectual Property theft from large corporations is becoming a big thing and a very tasty target for hacktivists as source code and development systems don’t tend to be as highly secure as those containing say financial records or purchase transactions.

Source: The Register